Anotace:
The aim of this article is to discuss factors that influence the distribution and differences in mortality between both regions and subpopulations in developed countries. The article provides an outline of basic theories that attempt to explain socioeconomic differences in mortality. A range of socioeconomic factors is analysed from both the micro-level and macro-level perspectives. Based on the study of the relevant literature, it was determined that more privileged groups enjoy better health and longer lives. A strong association between socioeconomic factors and total mortality and mortality by the cause of death was revealed at both the individual and aggregated levels. The relationship between socioeconomic variables and health status and mortality is explained via various mechanisms through which this association arises. Socioeconomic variables that act to influence health status and mortality have been shown to be strongly interrelated. These factors, in turn, impact the lifestyle and psychological state of individuals. Existing socioeconomic health and mortality determinants represent one of the main problems and challenges for the public health sectors in both more and less developed countries.