Antibacterial Potential Of Orange (Citrus Aurantium) Peels Against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated From Futa Botanical Garden Soil

Anotace: Emerging antibacterial resistance is a great challenge to modern medicine and is an increasing problem in different regions, limiting therapeutic options. Therefore, this study aimed to use the Citrus aurantium extract and assess its effect on bacterial agents. The antibacterial potentials of orange (Citrus aurantium) peel were evaluated on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Three solvents, Ethanol, Methanol and Hot water, were used for extraction. The resultant extracts were used on three Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria isolated from FUTA Botanical Garden. These phytochemicals include alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids and steroids. The agar well diffusion method assessed the antibacterial activity, reflected by the diameter of growth inhibition zones. Results showed that among the solvents used, the extracts exhibited better performance in the order of Ethanol > Methanol > Hot water, which reflects the suitability of solvents for Citrus aurantium peel extraction. It was found that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the extracts at 200 mg/ml. Among them, Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest sensitivity against extracts from (15.00±1.00 mm to 21.00±1.00 mm). Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella spp was susceptible to the 200 mg/ml extracts ranging from (13.00±1.00 mm to 15.00±1.00 mm). This may be attributed to a high concentration of flavonoids and total phenolic content in the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Citrus aurantium peel.