Preservation of cultural diversity and current tools of monument care

Anotace: This article deals with cultural sustainability, authenticity and one of its basic pillars: the preservation of diversity. It looks at constructions around the world and how they have adapted to local geophysical circumstances, both in the construction methods and materials used. It analyses how diversity has been endangered by globalisation in the territory of Slovakia and elsewhere. Subsequently, the article focuses on monument care and preservation in Slovakia and other countries, comparing the legal instruments used in different countries. The article proposes a system for the categorisation of objects built before 1947 in Slovakia. This is key to better understanding the topic of protection of heritage buildings for professionals and government agencies dealing with monument protection. The proposed categorisation could help significantly in systematising the protection of tangible cultural heritage and building culture in Slovakia.