Ekonomická racionalita ve hře Ultimatum

decision making is the main purpose of our work. In this paper, we introduce the main decisionmaking
theories and outline economic rationality. We explain why we find it useful to discriminate
between the “irrational” and “non-rational” components of decision making. We offer an oriented
interdisciplinary point of view on economic rationality. In the applied section, we describe the
main features of the Ultimatum game and summarize the up-to-date theories explaining the
non-rational course of the game. We discuss in detail the reported relations between the nominal
value of the stakes and the distribution of the offers and responses. We introduce the blinded,
randomized Ultimatum game experiment that we conducted in our laboratory. We stress the
importance of anonymity of the study subjects and the difference in salience of a factual reward
against a  hypothetical reward. We present the results of our study, showing that a  duly chosen
non-monetary reward, directly inconvertible into money, leads to a different offer distribution in
the Ultimatum game without the necessity to invest excessive sums of money in the rewards. We
compare our results to research published by other authors. According to our theory, the rational,
non-rational and irrational components contribute to the decision making in Ultimatum differently
depending on the different reward stakes.