Hana Braunová, Jaroslav Braun, Hana Váchová, Ivan Kuric
Complex determination of automatic robotic total stations' measurements' accuracy in underground spaces and comparison with results on the surface
Číslo: 3/2023
Periodikum: Acta Montanistica Slovaca
DOI: 10.46544/AMS.v28i3.18
Klíčová slova: Geodetic network, total station, variation components, least squares adjustment, Fӧrstner's method, automatic targeting, robotic total station, standard deviation
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locally the most accurate and versatile. Its accuracy is the cornerstone
of its use and is defined by the standard deviations of horizontal
direction, zenith angle and slope distance measurements. These
accuracy parameters are given by the manufacturer, but these are only
valid under optimum measurement conditions. To ensure the
credibility and reliability of the measurements, these values must be
periodically ascertained or determined for atypical measurement
configurations or measurement conditions. Standardised procedures
are used for this purpose, but in our opinion, they do not reflect the
full influence of the measuring conditions and other measuring aids.
A comprehensive determination of the accuracies (variation
components) from the alignment, where all possible influences in a
given situation are applied, may be considered the most appropriate
for determining the angular accuracy of measurements. Such atypical
conditions are certainly represented by geodetic measurements in the
confined spaces of an underground mine. Thus, an experimental
determination of the accuracy of four different robotic total stations
was carried out at the Center of experimental geotechnics in a mine
Josef teaching centre (CTU in Prague), and the Fӧrstner method was
used to determine the variation components. A network of 6 stations
and 8 target points was designed. The grid size was approximately
32x21 m with 4 - 31 m lengths. A network with the same
configuration was also duplicated at the surface to assess whether the
accuracy is different in underground and how the results will
correspond to the accuracy claimed by the manufacturers. The result
of the testing is that the accuracy claimed by the manufacturers is
maintained even under such difficult measurement conditions in
narrow corridors and with short sights. The overall evaluation also
found that the accuracy achieved underground and on the surface is
identical, although it varies from instrument to instrument.