Influence of Aprotic Solvents on Negative Electrode Material Properties for Lithium-ion Batteries

Anotace: The following article focuses on the safety and stability of lithium-ion batteries. This type of aprotic battery is of high quality, and known to offer a number of advantages. Generally, they are used in small portable devices, such as cell phones, laptops and other similar applications. Lithium-ion batteries seem to be suitable for use in electric vehicles, in particular due to their high specific energy density. This unusual application of lithium-ion batteries puts specific demands on their parameters, e.g. high cyclability, temperature stability, etc. In this article, we have focused on materials for negative electrode along with aprotic solvents. Currently, the majority of commercially used lithium-ion batteries have a negative electrode made from graphite material with specific capacity of 372 mAh/g. As an appropriate successor of graphite, it can be considered a spinel Lithium-Titanate-Oxide (LTO), with theoretical capacity of 175 mAh/g. The liquid electrolyte solvents for lithium-ion batteries should be safe in conditions requiring high performance applications. Among important parameters of aprotic solvent belong thermal resistibility, high flash point and compatibility with electrode materials. In our experiments we used organic solvents, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and sulfolane.