Anotace:
Aim: Retrospective observation analysis of pedicle screw accuracy, complications, surgical time, and technical nuances of 100 patients operated via the ExcelsiusGPS robotic system. Methods: One-hundred adult patients undergoing lumbosacral interbody fusion between 2021 and 2024. Patients underwent either open interbody fusion, minimally invasive interbody fusion, or open interbody fusion combined with a non-instrumented decompression. All surgeries were assisted by the ExcelsiusGPS robot, and an intraoperative control CT scan was performed in all cases. Patients were followed at 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month intervals. Results: A total of 418 pedicle screws were implanted and 413 (99%) had optimal placement (Gerzbein-Robbins A) with the remaining five having minor asymptomatic cortical breaches of the pedicle wall violation (Gerzbein-Robbins B). The superior pedicle wall was breached once, and the inferior pedicle wall was breached four times. In seven cases, the CT scan had to be repeated due to transferring errors between the CT and robotic platform, and in two cases, screw trajectories had to be replanned due to dynamic reference base shift during screw implantation. The mean surgical time was 154 min for single-level procedures and 202 min for multiple-level procedures; our study did not show a significant decrease in surgical time throughout the learning curve. During early follow-up, two patients underwent surgical revisions due to the presence of seromas. Conclusion: Second generation robotic platforms have a high percentage of optimally implanted pedicle screws decreasing malposition-related complications. The main drawback is an increase in surgical time due to set-up of the robotic and navigation platforms.